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991.
Mathurin Grogna Rudi Cloots André Luxen Christine Jérôme Catherine Passirani Nolwenn Lautram Jean‐F. Desreux Christophe Detrembleur 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2011,49(17):3700-3708
New hydrosoluble magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) macrocontrast agents are synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of poly(ethylene oxide) methyl ether acrylate (PEOMA) with an acrylamide bearing a ligand for gadolinium, followed by the complexation of Gd3+. This convenient and simple grafting through approach leads to macrocontrast agents with a high relaxivity at high frequency that is imparted by the restricted tumbling of the Gd3+ complex caused by its attachment to the polymer backbone. Importantly a very low protein adsorption is also evidenced by the hemolytic CH50 test. It is the result of the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) brush that efficiently hides the gadolinium complex and renders it stealth to the proteins of the immune system. Improved contrast and long blood circulating properties are thus expected for these macrocontrast agents. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011 相似文献
992.
Shunsuke Tomita Kentaro Shiraki 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2011,49(17):3835-3841
We have recently developed a versatile technique, complementary polymer pair system (CPPS), which enables switching the activity of diverse enzymes using anionic poly (acrylic acid) (PAAc) and cationic poly(allylamine) (PAA). To obtain a deeper understanding of CPPS, we investigated the manner by which PAAc inhibits cationic ribonuclease A, lysozyme, and trypsin. Studies of the enzyme kinetics showed that PAAc acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor for all these enzymes, and carries several potent enzyme binding sites (Ki ≈ 10?8 M). In addition, the inhibited enzymes were recovered by oppositely charged PAA. These data indicate the generality of CPPS, as only the surface charge and not the substrate binding site of the enzymes should be considered when determining a charged polymer as an inhibitor. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011 相似文献
993.
Geometric techniques have played an important role in the seventies, for the study of the spectrum of many-body Schrödinger operators. In this paper we provide a formalism which also allows to study nonlinear systems. We start by defining a weak topology on many-body states, which appropriately describes the physical behavior of the system in the case of lack of compactness, that is when some particles are lost at infinity. We provide several important properties of this topology and use them to write a simple proof of the famous HVZ theorem in the repulsive case. In the second step we recall the method of geometric localization in Fock space as proposed by Dereziński and Gérard, and we relate this tool to our weak topology. We then provide several applications. We start by studying the so-called finite-rank approximation which consists in imposing that the many-body wavefunction can be expanded using finitely many one-body functions. We thereby emphasize geometric properties of Hartree-Fock states and prove nonlinear versions of the HVZ theorem, in the spirit of works of Friesecke. In the last section we study translation-invariant many-body systems comprising a nonlinear term, which effectively describes the interactions with a second system. As an example, we prove the existence of the multi-polaron in the Pekar-Tomasevich approximation, for certain values of the coupling constant. 相似文献
994.
Biao Li Xinju Zhu Yuan Guo Ya‐Ping Ren Zhao‐Dong Jia Jing‐Na Wei Dong‐Xia Fu Yan Xu Xin‐Qi Hao 《应用有机金属化学》2018,32(4)
A series of m‐ferrocenylbenzoylthiadiazole compounds, namely FcL1–FcL7, were synthesized using 3‐ferrocenylbenzoic acid and 2‐amino‐5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole as raw materials. These compounds were characterized using infrared and NMR spectroscopies and elemental analysis. The crystal structure of FcL7 was determined using X‐ray diffraction. The electrochemical behaviors of FcL1–FcL7 revealed that the redox reactions on the surface of electrodes were reversible with a single‐electron mechanism. Also, FcL1–FcL7 demonstrated certain redox responses to Pb2+ and Zn2+. Moreover, FcL5–FcL7 exhibited good inhibition against human esophageal cancer cells in anticancer activity tests. 相似文献
995.
A innovative switchable polarity solvent,based on 1,8‐diazabicyclo‐[5.4.0]‐ undec‐7‐ene and decanol was prepared for enrichment of aluminum in biological sample prior to analysis by flame atomic absorption spectrometry 下载免费PDF全文
A novel switchable solvent (SS) extraction methodology has been used for the enrichment of aluminium (Al) in acid‐digested blood samples of patients with neurological disorders before proceeding to flame atomic absorption spectrometry. 1,8‐Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene and decanol in combination made a SS which reversibly changes from hydrophobic (nonpolar) to hydrophilic (polar) according to switch‐on and switch‐off phenomena in aqueous medium by exposure to anti‐solvent trigger (CO2). The SS polar micro‐emulsion was switched on by bubbling CO2, and switched off by heating from 40 to 70°C with exposure to N2 gas. The changes obtained in the structure and physical properties of the SS due to switching from lower polarity to higher polarity were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis. The SS was effectively analysed as an extractive medium for hydrophobic chelate of Al with 3,5,7,2,4‐pentahydroxyflavone (morin) and extracted in SS. Then hydrophobic enriched Al‐morin‐SS was treated with 1.0 M HNO3 and CO2 purging at various time intervals, switch to a miscible polar hydrophilic monophase state. The SS was easily recycled up to six times for further enrichment process. For the developed method, various parameters were optimized such as pH, volume of chelating reagent, CO2 purging time and pressure, and rate of heating. Under favourable conditions, enhancement factor and limit of detection were observed as 25 and 0.47 μg l?1, respectively, for 10 ml of samples/standards solution. The accuracy of the developed method was determined using certified reference material (SRM 3101a), with a standard addition procedure. The method was used for the pre‐concentration of Al in blood samples of patients with neurological disorders. 相似文献
996.
Julia Calatayud Juan Carlos Cortés Marc Jornet 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2020,43(14):7885-7904
The time evolution of microorganisms, such as bacteria, is of great interest in biology. In the article by D. Stanescu et al. [Electronic Transactions on Numerical Analysis, 34, 44–58 (2009)], a logistic model was proposed to model the growth of anaerobic photosynthetic bacteria. In the laboratory experiment, actual data for two species of bacteria were considered: Rhodobacter capsulatus and Chlorobium vibrioforme. In this paper, we suggest a new nonlinear model by assuming that the population growth rate is not proportional to the size of the bacteria population, but to the number of interactions between the microorganisms, and by taking into account the beginning of the death phase in the kinetic curve. Stanescu et al. evaluated the effect of randomness into the model coefficients by using generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) expansions, by setting arbitrary distributions without taking into account the likelihood of the data. By contrast, we utilize a Bayesian inverse approach for parameter estimation to obtain reliable posterior distributions for the random input coefficients in both the logistic and our new model. Since our new model does not possess an explicit solution, we use gPC expansions to construct the Bayesian model and to accelerate the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for the Bayesian inference. 相似文献
997.
998.
Walter Polkosnik Chérif F. Matta Lulu Huang Lou Massa 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2019,119(24):e25986
Typical contemporary X-ray crystallography delivers the geometries and, at best, the electron densities of molecules or periodic systems in the crystalline phase. Energies, electron momentum densities, and information relating to the pair density such as electron delocalization measures—all crucial to chemistry—are simply missed. Quantum crystallography (QCr) is an emerging line of research aimed at filling this gap by solving the crystallographic problem under the constraints of quantum mechanics. In this way, not only geometries and electron densities become experimentally accessible but also the entire panoply of quantum mechanical properties that are in the output of any quantum chemical software package. However, QCr remains limited to smaller systems (small molecules or small unit cells) due to the exponential bottleneck that plagues quantum mechanical calculations. When combined with a fragmentation technique, termed the “kernel energy method (KEM)”, QCr's reach to larger molecules is extended considerably to almost “any size”, that is, systems of up to many hundreds of thousands of atoms. KEM has made this doable with any chemical model and is capable of providing the entire quantum mechanics of large molecular systems. The smallness of the R-factor adjudicates the accuracy of the quantum mechanics extracted from the crystallography. 相似文献
999.
Israel Alshanski Joanna Blaszkiewicz Evgeniy Mervinetsky Prof. Dr. Jörg Rademann Prof. Shlomo Yitzchaik Dr. Mattan Hurevich 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(52):12083-12090
Sulfated saccharides are an essential part of extracellular matrices, and they are involved in a large number of interactions. Sulfated saccharide matrices in organisms accumulate heavy metal ions in addition to other essential metal ions. Accumulation of heavy metal ions alters the function of the organisms and cells, resulting in severe and irreversible damage. The effect of the sulfation pattern of saccharides on heavy metal binding preferences is enigmatic because the accessibility to structurally defined sulfated saccharides is limited and because standard analytical techniques cannot be used to quantify these interactions. We developed a new strategy that combines enzymatic and chemical synthesis with surface chemistry and label-free electrochemical sensing to study the interactions between well-defined sulfated saccharides and heavy metal ions. By using these tools we showed that the sulfation pattern of hyaluronic acid governs their heavy metal ions binding preferences. 相似文献
1000.
Saniye Soylemez Siddika Aybuke Bekmezci Seza Goker Levent Toppare 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2019,57(23):2333-2339
Present work displays the preparation of an electrochemical biosensor using a conjugated polymer and laccase enzyme for catechol quantification in samples. The biosensing system is based on an enzyme immobilization on polymer modified graphite transducer surface. For that purpose, a random conjugated polymer, thienothiophene‐benzoxadiazole‐alt‐benzodithiophene (BOTT), was coated onto a graphite electrode surface via drop casting method followed by immobilization of a biomolecule (laccase) for sensing experiments. Herein, for the first time, we proposed a BOTT polymer as an inexpensive and effective way to fabricate highly sensitive and fast response biosensors. The proposed sensing system possessed superior properties with 0.38 μM limit of detection and 110.81 μA mM?1 sensitivity. Furthermore, cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to examine the surface modifications. The proposed system could be useful for many future studies for catechol quantification in environmental samples.© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2333–2339 相似文献